Method of making nuts.



C. E. SUNW.

METHOD 0F MAKING NUTS.

APPLICATION |r|e.m1uN19.19|5.

Patented Nov. 5,1918..

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8 SHEETS-SHEET I.

C. E. SLYKE.

METHOD or MAKING Nurs.

` APPLICATION FILED JUNE I9. 1916. l 9 I I Patented Nov., 5, 1918.

B SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C. E. SLYKE.

METHOD 0F MAKING NUTS. APPLICATION FILED IuNI: I9. I9I6.

Patented Nov. 5, 1918.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' C. E. SLYKE.

METHOD 0F MAKING NUTS.

APPLICATION r|LE1nuNE19.x9m.v

Patented Nov. 5, 1918.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4,.

4c. 5U/KE. METHOD oF MAKING Nus.

APPLICATION FILED IUNE 19. 19H5.

Patented Nov.

5, 19m a sHEETs-sHEE1 5.

C. E. SLYKE.

METHOD 0F MAKING Num APPLICATIDN FILED JUNE I9. 1916.

Patented Nov. 5,1918.

8 SHEETS--SHEET 5.

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METHOD 0F MAKING NUTS. APPLICATION FILED JUNE I9. Iam.

Patented Nov. 5, 1918.

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C. E. SLYKE.`

METHOD 0F MAKING NUTS. APPLICATION FILED JUNE I9. |916.

Patented Nov. 5, 1918..

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METHOD F MANN@ NUTS.

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dpecteation of Letters Fatent.

` Fatented Flor.. fait pplieation fled .il une 19,1916. Serial No. lttt.

To all whom t may concern."

Be it lcnown that l, @Hannes E. Si., a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of lndiana Harbor, county of Lake, and State of indiana, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Methods of Making Nuts, of which 'the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements in method of making nuts or the like, and has for its object, the provision of an improved method for this purpose whereby nuts may be manufactured with great rapidity and economy of material.

The invention consists in the method of procedure hereinafter described and claimed.

'lhe invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and in which,

Figure 1 is a top a view, with one corner broken away, oa machine embodying my invention,

Fig. 2, an end view of the saine,

Fig. 3, a side view of the same,

Fig. 4:, a partial side view, shown partially in section, showing a portion of the side of the machine opposite to that illustrated in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5, a transverse section of the machine,

Fig. 5A, a detail view of a shear mife einployed in the machine, y

Fig. 6, a top plan view 0f a yoke employed in the machine,

Fig. 7, a substantially central longitudinal section of vthe machine, showing `the parts in initial or starting position,

Fig. 8, a bottom plan view of a plunger operating carriage employed in the machine,

Fig. 9, a longitudinal section of the machine, taken partially on a sli htly diderent plane from that of Fig. 7 an showing the parts in the ositions occupied just before completion a nut therein,

Fig. 10., a bottom plan view of a die h ead operating carriage employed in the machine,

Fig. 11, a view similar to Figs. 7 and 9, but taken partially on a slightly diderent plane from either and showing the positions of the parts at the time of the completion of a nut in the machine,

Fig. 12, an end view of the carriage shown in Fig. 10, l

Fig. 13 is a side view of a in the machine,

Fig. 14E, a transverse section of the machine illustrating the cam arrangement on the master shaft thereof,

Figs. 15 and 16, a side and endI view respectively of another form of bar,

Fig. 17, an enlarged cross section showing the blank or body from which a nut is to be formed as first inserted in the forming die, and i Fig. 18, a similar view showing the come pleted nut in the die.

'lhe preferred method of procedure and construction 4for performing the same, comprises a suitable sup orting frame 2d having feed rollers 25, 26, 2 and 28 mounted above one end thereof. The feed rollers 25, 26., 27 and 28 are arranged in coperating pairs, as

nut completed indicated, the yfeed rollers and 27 being each mounted on a swinging arm 29 and yielding-ly pressed into cooperating relation with its companion roller byl means of a spring 30 whose tension is adjustable by means of a set lscrew 31, as illustrated in Fig. 1. As best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the feed rollers 25., 26, 27 and 28 are shaped to receive and feed a. bar 32 which is substantially hexagonal in cross section with the sides thereof scalloped or concaved, as shown. The rollers 25, 26, 27 and 28 are driven by means of gears 33, 3l, 35 and 36 intermeshing, as shown in Fig. l. 'lhe gears 34: and 36 mesh repectively with gears 37 and 37', mounted respectively at the upper ends of shafts 38 and 39 on the side of frame 24:. As best shown in Figs. i, 2 and 3, shafts 38 and 39 carry respectively at their lower ends bevel gears 4:0 and d1 meshing with bevel gears t2 and i3 respectively on horizontal shafts ld and d5. Shafts ad and 4:5 are driven respectively by means of ratchet wheels d6 and a7 fixed thereto and coperating with pawl arms t8 and 4:9 loose thereon. Fawl arms 48 and t9 carry s ring held pawls 50 and 51 cooperating wit the corresponding ratchet wheels Li6 and t7 and are connected together by means of a connecting rod 52 pivotally connected with the upper end of each. Connecting rod 52 is connected by means of a link 53 with the upper end of an oscillatory leverbt pivotally mounted on the corresponding side of the frame 2d. Lever 54 carries a roller lili) I 55 yieldingly held` against the periphery of a cam 56 by means of a spring 57. (Jamd 56 is keyed, or otherwise secured to a shaft 58 which is the master shaft of the machine. Shaft 58 is driven by means of a gear 59 meshing with a pinion 60 on a countershaft 61. Shaft 61 carries a gear 62 meshing with a pinion 63 driven by an ordinary electric motor 64, the arrangement being such as to greatly reduce the speed of said motor. Shaft 61 also carries a hand wheel 61 provided with openings 62 for the insertion of a rod or other tool to facilitate the manual operation of the machine in adjusting the same or making repairs. As best shown in Figs. 1 and 3, a tubular guide 65 is arranged between the feed rollers for the proper guidance of bar 32 and another guide 66 is arranged to position and hold the inner end of said baragainst downward tilting. The arrangement is such, as will be readily understood, that at each rotation of master shaft 58, the feed rollers 25, 26, 27 and 28 will be momentarily operated by the action of cam 56 on said master shaft to feed a certain predetermined length or portion of the bar 32 into the machine. The bar 32, before being fed into the machine, is heated to a suitable temperature to render it suiciently plastic for treatment therein, the particular embodiment of the invention set forth being what is known as a hot press nut machine,vor a machine which forms the nuts from material rendered plastic by heat.

As best shown in Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 7, a hardened steel knife plate 67 is fitted in a cross bar 68 of the frame of the machine in operative relation with the inner end of the bar 32 after each inward feeding thereof, said knife plate being shaped to partially embrace said bar, as indicated. A gao'e or stop plate 69 is positioned to abut the inner end of the bar 32 to limit the inward feed thereof and accurately position the same in the machine after each feed thereof. This gage plate is carried by a stem 70 itting through an adjusting sleeve 71 and arran ed to be locked in said sleeve by means o la nut 72 so that the position thereof may be nicely adjusted. A knife carrying late 73 is provided with a shear knife 74 (s own in detail in Fig. 5A), said shear knife being provided with a notch 75 adapted to partially embrace the bar 32 and having teeth or serrations 76 in the sides thereof adapted to engage and temporarily7 hold a severed length of said bar. Knife carrying plate 73 is secured to a cross head 77 reciprocating vertically in suitable uides 78 on the frame "of the machine. ross head-77 is adjustably lconnected by means of connecting rods 79 with a cross bolt or shaft 80 carried by the lower end of a link 81 connected atits upper end with a lcrank pin 82 carried by rocker arms 83 keyed to a shaft 84 mounted in the frame of the machine. Shaft 84 carries a rocker arm 85 pivotally connected by means of a link 86 with lugs 87 formed on the end of a yoke 88, as best shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6.

Yoke 88 is mounted to reciprocate in a suitable housing 89 secured to the corresponding side of the frame 24, said yoke reciprocating in guides .90 in sai'd housing, as best shown in Fig. 14. The master shaft 58 carries two cams 91 and 92 o erating in the housing 89 which is referab y provided with an oil well, as indicated, for lubrication of the parts. Cams 91 and 92 contact respectively'with cam surfaces 93 and 94 on the yoke 88, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 6, the `arrangement being such that at each turn of the master shaft 58, the shear knife 74 is caused to reciprocate past the knife 67 to sever a redetermined length 95 from the bar 32. T e pressure necessary to effect the shearing off of the end of the bar 32 will cause the teeth 76 to partially embed themselves in a severed portion and temporarily hold said severed portion in said knife for further treatment by the machine, as will be presently described. y

As best shown in Figs. 5 and 7, a tubular die member 96 having a central opening of hexagonal shape, extending therethrough, is mounted in the cross bar 68 of the machine in position to register with the severed bar portion 95 held by the knife 74, at the lower terminal of the movement of the said knife,

f so as to permit of the transfer of said severed portion to said die. A water channel 97 surrounds the die member 96 which is provided with a passage 98 for the admission of water to the interior thereof for cooling purposes. A stationary piercing plunger or punch 99 is mounted centrally and coaxially with respect to the die member 96 and is carried by a Supporting rod 100 adjustably and rigidly secured in the frame of the machine by means of nuts 101. The rod 100 passes loosely through a passage 102 formed in a carriage 103 provided with supporting fianges 104 sliding in guide grooves 105 formed inthe frame of the machine. The carriage 103 carries a die head 106 nicely fitting and reciprocating in the die member 96, said die head being provided with a water passage 107 registering with passage 98 for the admission of water for cooling urposes. The die member 106 is yielding y held in the position indicated in Fig. 7 by means of a rocker arm 108 contacting with the outer portion of carria e 103, said rocker arm being yieldingly he d in position by means of an adjustable spring 109, as shown. At its upper rear end, rocker arm 10,8 is provided with a socketor recess 110 adapted to it the inner end of a threaded abutment rod 111 which is mounted for reciprocation in the frame of the machine and in a supporting bracket 112 thereon. .1 strong compression spring 113 is imprisoned between the bracket 112 and a colar 111 threaded on the rod 111 to permit of adjustment of the tension of spring 113. 'Fhe tension of spring 113, and the position of the end of the abutment 111 may be further adjusted by means of adjusting screws 115, as best shown in Fig. 1. By this arrange ment, the die head 106 is arranged to yield under pressure relatively to the plunger or punch 99 to ally come to rest against the abutment 111 which will only yield but slightly against enormous pressure.

A movable piercing plunger or punch member 116 is mounted in the machine in arial alinement with the plunger 99 but on the opposite side of the path of travel of the knife 71, as best shown in Figs. 7, 9, 11 and 12. llhe plunger 116 is carried by a rod 117 threaded at 118 in a carriage 119, said rod 117 being provided with an adjusting stem 120 for nicely adjusting the same. As best shown in Figs. 7, 8, 10 and 11, the carriage 119 is slidably supported upon supporting danges 121 riding upon the side bars 122 ot another carriage 123 which is mounted to reciprocate in hangers 121 and 125 in the frame of the machine. .1s best shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the carriage 119 is provided with depending lugs or abutments 126 and 127 contacting with cams 128 and 129 red to the master shaft 58 of the machine, the arrangement being such that at each revolution of said master shaft, the carriage 119 will -be caused to reciprocate in the machine. Lug 127 is pivotally connected with a hook lever 130 'riding upon a support 131 in the frame of the machine and provided with a shoulder 132 arranged to engage a sto 133 on the under side of carriage 103 an by means of which the inward movement of the carriage 103 is effected upon corresponding movement of the carriage 119. 4'llhe lug 126 is connected by means of a link 131 with the upper end of a rocker lever 135 held to position by means of a sprin 136, the arangement being such as to norma ly retract the carriage 119 from movement toward the center of the machine.

c 11s best shown in Figs. .9 and 10, the car riage 123 is provided with two corres ond-v ing depending lugs or abutments 13 cooperating with a pair of cams 138 dxed to the master shaft 58. 'lhe carriage 123 is also provided with another depending abutment 139 contacting with and cooperating with cam 110 hxed to the master shaft 58. .dbutment 139 is connected by means of a link 111 with the u per end of a rocker lever 112 yieldinglyhel to position by means of a spring 113. A die head 111 1s mounted on carriage 123 around the plunger 116, said die head havin a hexagonal shape to ht the die 96 and being provided at its end with an annular oeve 115,` as shown, said groove being ada ted form. the crown 116 on the head o the nut, as indicated in Fig. 13. L'lhe aria` 1: i ement is such that as the severed portion 95 o the nut is momentarily held by the ife 71 in registration with the die 96, the plunger 116 is drst advanced to engage said severed portion, pressing the same slightly within the die 96 and slightly indenting the se to remove the same from the knife upon upward movement thereof. 'lhereupon the die member 111 is caused to advance until it contacts with said severed portion thus reinforcing the unch 116 against yielding, buckling or brea 'ng under the strain. 'lhen the plunger 116 and the die head 111 are caused to move simultaneousl into the die member 96, forcing the die ead 106 outwardly a ainst the resistance of spring 109` until t e position indicated in Fig. 9 has been reached. 'llhis position marks the limit of the inward movement of the plunger 116, in which position the ends of the plun ers 99 and 116 have become embedded in t e central portions of the nut and the metal of the nut caused to dow or bulge outwardly to nicely 611 the die 96 and a small plug or portion of metal 95" remaining between the ends of the plungers 99 and 116, as indicated in Fig. 9. lhe arrangement of the cams is such that thereupon die heads 111 and 106 are forced still farther to the right until the lever 108 is brought to bear against the abutment 111, the central plug 95" is stripped from the body of the nut and the nut fully formed and completed, including the formation of the crown 116 thereon, 18, due to the heavy pressure possible against the abutment 11 'Fhereupon the parts automatically return to initial position, releasing 'the completed nut which falls by gravity from the machine. ln order to prevent drawing of the temper of the difa water (not shown) are applied to the parts of the machine to t the same suciently cool to prevent such `dran/ing and the consequent rapid destruction of the tool.

llhe machine has been illustrated as employin the style of bar illustrated in Figs. 15 an 16, namely a bar of substantially hexagonal cross section but having scalloped or concaved sides forming points or ridges 32 on said bar. The size of the bar is such as to cause the points or ridges 32 to nicely ht the corresponding angles in the die member 96, as indicated in Fig. 17, whereby the nice positioning of the severed portion of the bar in the die is facilitated and at the same time space is provided to receive the metal forced to dow outwardly by the pressure.

The nuts may be made in the mace set as indicated in Fig.

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11110 ferent tools employed, the usual jets of forth with great rapidity and accuracy, substantially Without burs or other imperfections Which must be subsequently removed, and with a minimum amount of waste material, the only material Wasted being the material removed in the plug 95', and by nicely adjusting the machine, this plug may be made comparatively small.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred method of procedure and form of construction for performing the same, these are capable of variation and modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. I, therefore, do not Wish to be limited to the precise method of procedure,

or form of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifcations as come within the scope of the appended claim.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

The method of making substantially hexagonal nuts which consists in heating an elongated bar of a substantially hexagonal shape but having concave sides; severing suitable lengths of material from said bar;

land then compressing said lengths to cause outward spreading thereof to obtain the desired shape, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES E. SLYKE.

Witnesses:

JOSHUA R. H. Porrs, B. G. RICHARDS. 

